The definition of allelopathy was first used by molish in 1937 to indicate all of the effects that directly and indirectly result from biochemical substances transferred from one plant to another molisch, 1937. Allelopathic effect of tithonia diversifolia and chromolaena odorata on the 5 germination, growth and chlorophyll accumulation of hibiscus sabdariffa l ww. Journal of agriculture and crops allelopathic effect of aqueous. Allelopathic effect of calotropis procera leaves extract on. The aqueous extract experiment was conducted using 0 control, 16.
These biochemicals are known as allelochemicals and have beneficial or detrimental effects on target organisms. In this communication the assessment of allelopathic efficacy of an invasive and exotic weed chromolaena odorata was done by physiobiochemical approach using viable seeds of grass pea lathyrus sativus as a bioassay material. Allelopathic effect of lantana lantana camara and siam weed. Allelopathic effect of medicinal plant cannabis sativa l. King and robinson awolowo plant toxin on tomatoes lycopersicum esculentum mill onwugbuta enyi, j. Allelopathic effect of siam weed chromolaena odorata on seed germination and seedling. Allelopathy is characteristic of certain plants, algae, bacteria, coral, and fungi. Postintroduction evolution contributes to the successful invasion of. Allelopathic effect of chromolaena odorata leaf extracts on seed. Siam weed chromolaena odorata forms dense stands that prevent the establishment of other species, both due to competition and allelopathic effects, and interferes with natural ecosystem processes in many countries. Dpartment of biology, rivers state college of education, p. References adetayo ob, lawal oi, alabi bs, owolade of. Allelopathic potential of eupatorium odoratum in abandoned shifting. These are generally highly competitive and adaptable to very wide environmental conditions.
The relative ranking of species are based upon the completeness of the allelo. Pdf allelopathic effects of two important exotic weeds. In this study, we examined the effects of aqueous extracts from the leaves and roots of the invasive plant species chromolaena odorata l. Coefficient of velocity decreased with the allelochemicals extracted from the stem and leaves.
Allelopathic effects of mexican sunflower tithonia. Three concentrations of each of the aqueous leaf extracts 12. The term allelopathy is usually used when the effect is harmful, but it can apply to. Results showed that germination percentage of purslane seeds was not inhibited by concentration of water. Chromolaena odorata is a fastgrowing perennial shrub, native to south america and central america. Although, the effect was slight on crop seeds and more on weed seeds, this report is. Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of parthenium parthenium. This study is in agreement with other studies which showed. The wide therapeutic window of chromolaena odorata must not be compromised on a longer than necessary usage. C1 and ram asheshwar mandal2 accepted 22 october, 2017.
Allelochemicals with negative allelopathic effects are an important part of plant defense against herbivory. The table below has been prepared from the research literature to show relative and potential allelopathic effects of a given tree species. Preliminary study on allelopathic effect from chromolaena. The visualization of cells in the lattices by incubation in a tetrazolium salt for 2 h showed live cells at 50150 gml of extract.
After drying, the leaves were ground using electric blender the aqueous extracts of lantana and chromolaena leaves were. Based on the study results, stem and leaves residues of calligonum comosum should be eliminated from the field to avoid negative allelopathic effects of calligonum comosum on rhanterium epapposum growth. Pdf allelopathic effects of chromolaena odorata on native. On the other hand, allelopathic plants may also be considered mother natures own weed killer. Allelopathic effect of calotropis procera leaves extract on seed germination of some plants hassan s. Fungicidal effect of three plants extracts in control of four. The objective of the report has been to discuss the potential of allelopathy in relation to geneti.
However, studies on the screening of a broad spectrum of plants for identifying their allelopathic potential are still limited. Lantana camara and chromolaena odorata leaf extracts. Allelopathic effect of extract of mikania micrantha on seed. It is native to the americas, from florida and texas in the united states south through mexico and the caribbean to south america. In addition, reference 26 reported that the aqueous extract of c. The allelopathic effect of the aqueous leaf extract of parthenium hysterophorus and chromolaena odorata on the seed germination, radicle and plumule growth of the seedlings of zea mays l. Tijani department of botany, faculty of science, obafemi awolowo university, ileife, nigeria abstract. Allelopathy is a common biological phenomenon by which one organism produces biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, development, and reproduction of other organisms. Chromolaena odorata is a plant species native to north, central, and. Siam weed is a fastgrowing perennial, is now regarded as one of the most harmful weeds present on earth due to its highly invasive and allelopathic nature. The present study intended to investigate the effect of aqueous extract from calotropis procera on the growth of brassica oleracea var botrytis. Allelopathic definition of allelopathic by the free dictionary. In contrast all cells were killed in higher extract doses of 300 or 400 gml.
Allelopathic effects of aquaous extracts trom siam weed on the growth of. Pdf fulltext xml references citation report citation. These preliminary results showing the inhibitory effect of eupolin extract on collagen contrac tion. Allelopathic action of any plants and parts affects germination behavior, seed metabolism and growth performance of target species which in turn may disturb a species from thriving, thus affecting the complete structure in a long time 23. Therefore, this study was therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the effect of aqueous extracts of the two weed species on seed germination and seedling growth of c. Effect of botanical extracts on sorghum seed germination was reported through several experimentations. Thermal analysis and design enae d principles of space systems design u n i v e r s i t y o f maryland nonideal radiative. King and robinson at different concentrations control, 1%, 5%, and 10% on the seed germination and seedling growth root and shoot length of 10 herbaceous. Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in agriculture. An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Allelopathic effect of leaf extract of azardirachta indica and chromolaena odorata against post harvest and transit rot of tomato lycopersicum esculentum l 1 ijato james yeni, 1oyeyemi sunday dele, 2ijadunola john ademola, 3ademuyiwa justus adeniran. An experiment was conducted to understand the growth inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts derived from lantana camara l. Comparative allelopathic effect of imperata cylindrica and chromolaena odorata on germination and seedling growth of centrosema pubescens muhammad rusdy, muhammad riadi, ayu mita sari, asriani normal, hasanuddin university, makassar, indonesia.
Dec 07, 2015 leaves extract of chromolaena odorata allelopathy asked december 7, 2015, 11. In pakistan, especially in rainfed areas of the northern punjab, it occurs widely along the roadsides, on wastelands and sometimes invades field crops javaid and anjum, 2005. The regional institute allelopathic effect of siam weed. Using the 100%fset and 100%fsec treatments, germination were reduced by 34% and 22% respectively. Chromolaena odorata, dpph, minerals, phytochemicals, reducing power 1. King and robinson on seed germination and seedlings growth of paddy and banyard grass suwal et al. Allelopathic effects of lantana camara on germination and. Allelopathic effect of arta calligonum comosum l extract on. Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in. Vishal narayan shinde abstract aqueous extract of parthenium hysterophorus l. Allelopathic effect of some weeds on the germination of seeds.
Evaluation of the allelopathic potential of fifteen common. Allelopathic effect of different concentration of water. Sep 22, 2019 interplater hd85 5 thermal pdf interplater hd85 thermal pdf. It has been introduced to tropical asia, west africa, and parts of australia. As well as altering the integrity and diversity of these natural plant communities, it can have an impact on animal. Allelopathic effect of lantana camara and chromolaena odorata. These biochemicals are known as allelochemicals and can have beneficial. Effect of aqueous extracts of allelopathic crops on. Botany ijbr allelopathic effect of tithonia diversifolia. Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in the sunflower family. Allelopathic inhibition is complex and can involve the interaction of different classes of chemicals, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, carbohydrates, and amino acids, with mixtures of different compounds sometimes having a greater allelopathic effect than individual compounds alone. The laboratory test showed that the leaf extract of c. Allelopathic effect of lantana lantana camara and siam weed chromolaena odorata on selected crops volume 41 issue 2 ismail b. Fungicidal effect of leaf aqueous extracts of azadirachta indica, tithonia diversifolia and chromolaena odorata were determined on rot causing fungi.
Gray is an impressive member of the family, asteraceae, and it is a perennial native of mexico and central america. The effect of dry leaf water extraction 5, 10, 20, 40 and. It eventually becomes more shrublike, producing long, rambling stems that can be 7 metres or more long. This was the case with crotolaria retusa, chromolaena odorata and panicum maximum on the germination of maize and okra, and chromolaena odorata and panicum maximum on the germination of maize, melon, okra, cowpea, and soya bean seeds. Well assume youre ok with this, but you can optout if you wish. The study, carried out in petri dishes using 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% wv aqueous root and shoot extracts of fresh plant. Introduction chromolaena odorata l king and robinson belongs to the family asteraceae and is known locally in nigeria through many common names as awolowo, siam weed, elizabeth weed, obirakara, olorohuru and independence weed 1.
Its other food uses are breakfast cereals, bread flour and pearled barley as a soup thickener. Like synthetic herbicides, there is no common mode of action or physiological target site for all allelochemicals. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract and leaf litter leachate extracts from chromolaena odorata on the growth of mangrove. While competing with crop plants for light, nutrient and moisture contents of the. Akobundu 1987 listed factors such as soil temperature, soil moisture regime, alternate wetting and drying of soil, soil nitrate level among others as those that affect seed germination. Safsaf leaf extracts proved to have more allelopathic effect in comparison to other extracts. Effect of leaf, stem and root extract of alfalfa melilotus. Postintroduction evolution contributes to the successful. Alrobai department of biology, faculty of science, king abdulaziz university, jeddah, saudi arabia abstract.
Allelopathic effect of medicinal plant cannabis sativa seed. Pdf chromolaena odorata is an invasive weed species adversely affecting both crop and grazing lands in tropical and subtropical areas. However, previous studies did not consider the source of c. Laboratory and soil cultured experiments were conducted to evaluate. Plant allelopathy is one of the modes of interaction between receptor and donor plants and may exert either. Allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract of and chromolaena. Allelopathic effects may be due to the presence of allelochemicals in chromolaena odorata, like. Herbicidal effects of aqueous root and shoot extracts of three allelopathic crops, viz. Weeds are undesirable plants growing in an area where they are not wanted. Jun 27, 20 two experiments, a petri dish assay and a pot experiment were carried out to evaluate possible allelopathic effects of water extracts 0, 10 and 20 g l. Allelopathic effect of siam weed chromolaena odorata on.
Journal to publish research papers in the field of environment, agriculture and biotechnology. Allelopathic effects of lantana lantana camara on milkweedvine morrenia odorata1 nagi reddy achhireddy and megh singh2 abstract. Allelopathic potential of the leaf and seed of pueraria. Three concentrations each of the aqueous leaf extract 12.
Almost half a century later, the accepted targets of allelochemicals in the plant kingdom include algae, fungi and various microorganisms. Also known as siam weed, it forms dense stands that prevent the establishment of other plant species. Fulltext effect of chromolaena odorata on the growth and biomass allelopathy is defined as the direct or indirect harmful or beneficial effect. The production of allelochemicals are affected by biotic factors such as nutrients available, and abiotic factors such as temperature and ph. The leaves of lantana and chromolaena were left to dry under shade conditions for 48 hours.
The test was conducted in sterilized petridishes with a photoperiod of 24 hours and an average temperature of 29c. Allelopathic effect of extract of mikania micrantha on. Allelopathic effect of parthenium hysterophorus linn. Leaves extract of chromolaena odorata allelopathy ask. Allelopathic effects of some botanical extracts on. Control measures included burning, manual clearing using cutlass and hoe. Chromolaena odorata is considered invasive weed of field crops in its introduced range, and has been reported. Comparative allelopathic effect of imperata cylindrica and. Allelopathic effect of siam weed chromolaena odorata on seed germination and seedling performance of selected crop and weed species o.
Leaf extracts from the invasive chromolaena odorata in china exerted stronger inhibitory effects on the germination of indigenous plants than the native populations of the. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Leaves extract of chromolaena odorata allelopathy ask an. Allelopathic potential of chromolaena odorata and mikania. Other organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, can also be allelopathic. Allelopathy properties in cereals of the gramineae family might attribute mostly to hydroxamic sanchezmoreiras et al. You also have the option to optout of these cookies. Allelopathic effect of extract of mikania micrantha on seed germination and seedling growth of melia azedarach liza k. Leaf extracts were assayed at 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations, and the corresponding allelopathic effects were compared to that of control. Leaf extracts from the invasive chromolaena odorata in china exerted stronger inhibitory effects on the germination of indigenous plants than. Allelopathic effect, siam weed, crop inhibition, average per cent inhibition abstract siam weed chromolaena odorata l. Significant growth reductions in lycopersicon esculentum were observed. C1 and ram asheshwar mandal2 accepted 22 october, 2017 1kathmandu forestry college, balkumari, kathmandu,nepal.
Allelopathic effect of leaf extracts different concentration of acacia auriculiformis and its possible phytotoxicity was tested in a laboratory experiment by using some agricultural crops e. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Organism names see more details and mikania micrantha mikania micrantha subject category. Chromolaena odorata increases resource investment into. King and robinson aqueous leaf extract and residues incorporated in the soil on the growth and water status of lycopersicon esculentum mill were studied. Allelopathic effects of chromolaena odorata on native and nonnative invasive herbs article pdf available in journal of food agriculture and environment 111 january 20 with 1,334 reads. The allelopathic potentials of six dominant weeds at the teaching and research farm of the akwa ibom state university and adjoining areas, often used for mulching and green manuring, were evaluated on the germination of the seeds of six commonly grown crops of the region. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the allelopathic effects of the aqueous leaf extract and leaf debris incorporated into the soil of chromolaena odorata chromolaena odorata subject category. Distribution, ecology and management of chromolaena odorata. Owolade 3 1 federal college of agriculture, institute of agricultural research and training, p. Nature of allelopathy commonly cited effects of allelopathy include reduced seed germination and seedling growth. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the allelopathic potential of the aqueous leaf extract and leaf debris incorporated into the soil of chromolaena odorata and mikania micrantha on the germination indices and growth as well as the allelopathic effect response index of brassica chinensis. Postintroduction evolution contributes to the successful invasion of chromolaena odorata. Leaf extracts from the invasive chromolaena odorata in china exerted stronger inhibitory effects on the germination of indigenous plants than the native populations of the same species from mexico qin et al.
The wild mexican sunflower tithonia diversifolia hemsl. Pdf allelopathic effect of chromolaena odorata aqueous leaf. Allelopathic effect of some weeds on the germination of. Allelopathic effect of lantana camara and chromolaena odorata 1771 hasanuddin university, indonesia. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract and leaf litter leachate extracts from chromolaena odorata on the growth of mangrove associate plant salvadora persica.
The plants flowers are a favorite of bees and african farmers have many. It has been introduced into the tropical regions of asia, africa and the pacific, where it is an invasive weed. Allelopathic hordeum vulgare 227 as a food in those regions where other cereal crops do not grow 50. Allelopathic effects of chromolaena odorata on native and.
Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. Allelopathy is a survival mechanism that allows certain plants to compete with and often destroy nearby plants by inhibiting seed sprouting, root development, or nutrient uptake. Allelopathic effect of lantana camara and chromolaena. Phytochemical analysis, mineral composition and in vitro. Seeds of brassica were soaked in solutions containing 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% concentrations of leaf, fruit and flower extract of c. Allelopathy can have an adverse effect in the garden, resulting in reduced seed germination and plant growth. Leaves extract of chromolaena odorata allelopathy asked december 7, 2015, 11. Allelopathy, aqueous leaf extract, leaf debris, chromolaena odorata, mikania micrantha. Allelopathy may play an important role in the invasion success of alien plant species.
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